Environmental Compliance India.
Know exactly where you stand.

BRSR Core environmental KPIs for listed companies (and recommended for SMEs): Energy — total energy consumed (GJ), energy intensity per rupee of turnover, renewable energy percentage; Water — total water withdrawn (ML), water intensity, percentage recycled; Emissions — Scope 1 GHG emissions (tCO2e), Scope 2 GHG emissions (tCO2e); Waste — total waste generated, percentage recycled/reused. For SMEs supplying to listed companies or EU buyers, these metrics will be required as supplier data for the buyer's own BRSR or CSRD reporting.

Scope 1 emissions (direct) = fuel combustion + company vehicles + process emissions. Calculated using: fuel consumed × emission factor from IPCC or BEE. Scope 2 emissions (indirect) = purchased electricity × India national grid emission factor (currently ~0.82 kg CO2/kWh per CEA 2023). Scope 3 emissions (value chain) — complex, requires supplier data. For most Indian SMEs, Scope 1 + 2 is the starting point. IBEAN's ESG advisory conducts the emissions calculation using your actual fuel and electricity bills.

Environmental consents required for Indian manufacturers: (1) Consent to Establish (CTE) — before setting up operations, from State Pollution Control Board (SPCB); (2) Consent to Operate (CTO) — renewed annually or every 5 years depending on category; (3) Hazardous Waste authorisation — if generating hazardous waste above threshold; (4) Water Cess compliance — if consuming water above MOEF threshold; (5) EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) — for certain large projects. Non-compliance with CTO renewal is a common and expensive oversight in Indian SMEs.

Scope 3 emissions are value chain emissions — emissions from your suppliers (upstream) and from customers using your products (downstream). EU companies subject to CSRD must report their entire value chain emissions — which means asking their Indian suppliers for Scope 1 + 2 emissions data to calculate the EU company's Scope 3. This is why Indian exporters are receiving ESG questionnaires from EU buyers: they need your emissions data to complete their own mandatory reporting. The request will become more structured and systematic as CSRD enforcement ramps up through 2025–2026.